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-Diabetes Facts -Diabetes Mellitus Symptoms Type 1 Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes Gestational Diabetes Juvenile Diabetes Diabetes Insipidus Diabetes Symptoms Glucose
Diabetes Diet Diabetes Supply Diabetes Treatment Insulin Diabetes Care Diabetes is the No. 6 leading causes of deaths in the United States, according to 2001 data from the United States National Center for Health Statistics. |
Gestational Diabetes Diet Plan
(also see Diabetic Recipes)
What is it? Gestational (jes-ta-shun-ull) diabetes is when your blood
sugar (glucose) is too high while you are pregnant. Gestational diabetes often
goes away after the baby is born. But, you may get diabetes later if you have
diabetes during pregnancy. In diabetes, your body does not make enough insulin or the insulin it
makes does not work right. This causes your blood sugar levels to be too high.
This can be harmful to you and your unborn child. Controlling your blood sugar
is important for the health of your unborn baby. The carbohydrates (kar-bo-hi-drates) in your food become glucose in your
body. Glucose is a major energy source for your body. Carbohydrates come from
starchy foods such as breads, pasta, potatoes, rice, and other grains.
Carbohydrates are also found in fruits, dairy foods, vegetables, sugar, and
sweets. You need to eat the right amount of carbohydrates, protein, and fat while
you are pregnant. This requires more planning if you are taking insulin to
control your blood sugar while you are pregnant. What is carbohydrate counting? Carbohydrate counting means keeping
track of the amount of carbohydrates you eat every day. You should eat the same
amount of carbohydrates at the same times each day. This will help keep your
blood sugar within the normal range. One serving of a carbohydrate food contains 12 to 15 grams of
carbohydrate. A serving is equal to one of the portions listed below. You can
exchange or trade one carbohydrate food for another from the same food group.
For example, you can choose 1 slice of bread instead of 1/2 cup cooked cereal. Vegetables contain only 5 grams of carbohydrate per serving. Do not count
vegetables as carbohydrates unless you eat more than 2 servings per meal.
Meat, meat substitutes, and fats are not counted as carbohydrates. Care: Calorie Intake: Most pregnant women need about 300 extra calories per day in the second
and third trimesters to gain enough weight. This equals about 16 to 17
calories per pound of ideal body weight. An extra 10 to 12 grams of protein per day is also needed to help your
baby grow normally. It is also helpful to get 45 to 60% of your calories from
carbohydrates, 15 to 25% from protein, and 20 to 30% from fat. Eating Plans: Your dietitian (di-uh-tih-shun) will show you how to meet the guidelines
above. You may use the sample menu below or the Diabetes Meal Planning Guide
to do this. Ask for the CareNotes?handout about the diabetic exchange diet to
find the serving sizes of foods not on the lists below. Some people with gestational diabetes can control their blood sugar with
diet alone. They do this by eating 3 meals and 1 to 3 snacks each day. You will need a snack at bedtime to prevent your blood sugar levels from
being too low overnight. Your dietitian will tell you if you need snacks in
the morning or afternoon. Eat at the same times each day, whenever possible, and never skip meals or
snacks. Spread your food out evenly over the day so that you eat about every 2
to 3 hours. Eat only the amount that is on the food list. Or the amount your
dietitian tells you to eat for each type of carbohydrate food. Avoid foods and beverages with added sugar, corn syrup, honey, molasses,
or maple syrup, or jams and jellies. Read the labels of packaged foods to find the grams of carbohydrate a
serving has in it. Other Factors: Choosing high fiber foods will help control your blood sugar and have
regular bowel movements. High fiber foods are fresh fruits and vegetables,
whole grain breads, cooked dried beans, and bran cereals. Check with your doctor before exercising during pregnancy. Tell your
dietitian about your exercise plan so your diet can be changed if needed. You
may need extra carbohydrates before exercise to keep your blood sugar from
dropping too low. Talk with your caregiver if your blood sugar levels are too low or too
high. Make sure your cholesterol and other blood lipids (fats) are checked at
least once a year. You may need to follow a lowfat diet if they are too high.
Serving Sizes: Use the list below to measure foods and serving sizes.
A serving size means the size of food after it is cooked or prepared. 1 pint or 2 cups (16 fluid ounces) of liquid is the size of 1-1/3 soda-pop
cans. 1-1/2 cup (12 fluid ounces) of liquid is the size of a soda-pop can. 1 cup of food is the size of a large handful, or 8 fluid ounces of liquid. ?cup of food is about half of a large handful, or 4 fluid ounces of
liquid. 2 tablespoons (Tbsp) is about the size of a large walnut. 1 tablespoon (Tbsp) is about the size of the tip of your thumb (from the
last crease). 1 teaspoon (tsp) is about the size of the tip of your little finger (from
the last crease). 3 ounces of cooked meat, fish, or poultry is about the size of a deck of
cards. 1 ounce of cooked meat, fish, or poultry is about ?cup. One ounce of hard cheese is about a 1 inch cube. A serving of vegetables is ?cup (1/2 handful) cooked, or 1 cup (1
handful) raw. CARBOHYDRATE FOODS AND SERVING SIZES Breads and Starches: Each serving contains 15 grams carbohydrate. Eat
____ servings per day from this list. Most people need 6-10 servings per day.
1 slice bread (1 ounce) 1/2cup cooked pasta, corn, cooked cereal, mashed potato, or green peas 1/3 cup cooked rice, dried beans, or dried peas 3/4 cup flake cereal 1/2 hamburger or hot dog bun, English muffin, or frozen bagel 3 cups air-popped popcorn 1 small (3 inch) potato 2 rice cakes 6 saltines or three (2-1/2 inch squares) graham crackers Fruits: Each serving contains 15 grams carbohydrate. Eat ____ servings
per day from this list. Most people need 2-4 servings per day. Avoid juice or
limit to 1/2 cup per day if your blood sugar levels are too high. 1/2 cup apple, orange, or grapefruit juice 1 small (2-1/2 inch) apple, peach, or orange 1/2 cup applesauce or canned fruit 3/4 cup fresh blueberries 15 small grapes or 12 large grapes 1 kiwi fruit 1/2 large pear or fresh grapefruit 2 Tbsp raisins or 1/4 cup dried fruit 1-1/4 cup fresh strawberries or melon cubes Dairy: Each serving contains 12 grams carbohydrate. Eat or drink____
servings per day from this list. Most people need 2-3 servings per day. 1/2 cup sugar free custard, pudding, or evaporated milk 1 cup fresh milk or sugar-free yogurt 1/3 cup nonfat milk powder Vegetables: Each serving contains 5 grams carbohydrate. Only count a
vegetable as carbohydrate if you have more than 2 servings per meal. Eat ____
servings per day from this list. Most people need 2-4 servings per day. 2 Tbsp tomato sauce 1 cup vegetable or tomato juice 1/2 cup cooked vegetables or 1 cup raw vegetables Combination Foods: Each serving contains about 15 grams carbohydrate.
Eat ____ servings per day from this list. Most people need 1-2 servings per day.
1/2 cup of any casserole, like tuna or chicken noodle, macaroni and
cheese, chili with meat, or spaghetti and meat sauce 1 cup cream, bean, tomato, or vegetable soup 1/8 of a 10-inch pizza 1/2 of a store-bought pot pie, like chicken, turkey, or beef One 3 ounce taco NON-CARBOHYDRATE FOODS TO INCLUDE IN YOUR DIET Meat / Meat Substitutes: The foods on this list do not count as
carbohydrates. Eat ____ servings per day from this list. Most people need 3-5
servings per day. 1/2 cup cottage cheese 1/2 cup cooked dried beans 1 to 2 oz low fat cheese 1 large egg (Limit eggs to 2 or 3 per week.) 2 to 3 oz cooked meat, fish, poultry 2 Tbsp peanut butter Fats: The foods on this list do not count as carbohydrates. Eat ____
servings per day from this list. Most people need 1-3 servings per day. 6 almonds or 10 small peanuts 1/8 avocado 1 teaspoon oil or margarine 6 small olives 2 Tbsp low calorie salad dressing 1Tbsp regular salad dressing 2200 CALORIE SAMPLE MENU A sample of a 2200 calorie gestational
diabetic diet is listed below. A dietitian can help you decide how many snacks
you need each day. Breakfast: 42 grams carbohydrate 3 carbohydrate choices such as.
2 breads or starches, like 1 cup bran cereal or 1 cup cooked oatmeal 1 milk, like 1 cup skim milk, 1% milk, or nonfat sugar-free yogurt 1 ounce meat or protein, like ?cup scrambled egg substitute or lowfat
cottage cheese 2 fats, like 2 tsp margarine Morning Snack: 15 grams carbohydrate 1 fruit, such as 1/2 large banana 1 oz. meat substitute, such as 2 Tbsp peanut butter Lunch: 67 grams carbohydrate The following foods can be combined to make a sandwich:
2 carbohydrate choices like 2 slices whole wheat bread 2 ounces meat or protein, like 2 ounces lean roast beef or ?cup
water-packed tuna 1 vegetable, like 2 lettuce leaves with 2 slices of tomato 1 fat, like 1 tsp mayonnaise or 1 Tbsp salad dressing 1 fruit, like 1-1/4 cups fresh strawberries 1 vegetable, like 1/2 cup vegetable soup or 1 cup carrot sticks 1 free food, like 12 ounces sugar-free soft drink 1 milk, like 1 cup sugar-free nonfat yogurt Afternoon snack: 15 grams carbohydrate 1 starch, like 3 squares (2-1/2 inch) graham crackers Dinner: 82 grams carbohydrate 5 carbohydrate choices such as:
2 starches, like 1 large baked potato or 1 cup cooked pasta 1 starch, like 1 small dinner roll (1 ounce) 1 fruit, like 1 cup melon cubes or 4 fresh apricots 1 milk, like 1 cup skim milk or nonfat sugar-free yogurt 2 vegetables, like 1 cup steamed asparagus and 2 cups tossed salad 3 ounces meat or protein, like grilled chicken breast or salmon 2 fats, like 1 tsp margarine and 2 Tbsp lowfat salad dressing Evening Snack: 27 grams carbohydrate 1 carbohydrate choice such as 1 bread, 6 whole wheat crackers, or 1 slice
whole wheat bread 1 meat or protein, like 1 ounce lowfat cheese or 1 ounce lowfat ham 1 milk, like 1 cup skim milk or nonfat sugar-free yogurt Totals For The Day: About 2180 calories. About 248 grams carbohydrate, or 47% of calories. About 123 grams protein, or 23% of calories. About 72 grams fat, or 30% of calories. CALL YOUR CAREGIVER IF: You have questions about the serving sizes in this diabetic diet. You have questions about how to prepare or cook foods on this diet. You have questions about how or where to buy foods on this diet. You have questions or concerns about your illness, medicine, or this diet.
The above information is an educational aid only. It is not intended as
medical advice for individual conditions or treatments. Talk to your doctor,
nurse or pharmacist before following any medical regimen to see if it is safe
and effective for you. (From www.medformation.com) See also Type 1 Diabetes
This diabetes health education project is supported by Chong's Health Care at http://www.cljhealth.com, one of the leading companies in the discovery of alternative medicines for diabetes. Advertisement:
Ask An OB.com
is the premier website for medical information in pregnancy. If you need
information about gestational diabetes, GDM, including diet, symptoms and
complications of gestational diabetes, visit
Ask An OB.com
today! |
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