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  • Traditional Chinese Code Conversion: Samuel Chong

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Tim Bray¡ATextuality and Netscape mailto:tbray@textuality.com
Jean Paoli¡AMicrosoft mailto:jeanpa@microsoft.com
C. M. Sperberg-McQueen¡AUniversity of Illinois at Chicago and Text Encoding Initiative mailto:cmsmcq@uic.edu
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XML ¥Ñ XML ¤u§@²Õ¡]­ì¥ýªº SGML ½s¿è¼f¬d©e­û·|¡^¶}µo¡A¦¹¤u§@²Õ¥Ñ World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) ¦b 1996 ¦~¥D«ù¦¨¥ß¡C¤u§@²Õ¥Ñ Sun Microsystems ªº Jon Bosak ­t³d¡A¦P¼Ë¥Ñ W3C ²Õ´ªº XML SIG (Special Interest Group)¡]­ì¥ýªº SGML ¤u§@²Õ¡^¿nÌå°ÑÉO¤F XML ¤u§@²Õªº¤u§@¡CXML ¤u§@²Õªº¦¨­û¦bªþ¿ý¤¤µ¹¥X¡C¤u§@²ÕÉO W3C ªºÁp¨t¤H¬O Dan Connolly¡C

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2.2 ¦r²Å

[©w¸q¡G¤@­Ó¤wªR¹êÊ^¥]§t¤å¥»¡]text¡^¡A¤å¥»¬O¤@­Ó¦r²Å¡]character¡^§Ç¦C¡A¥i¥Hªí¥Ü¼Ð°O©Î¦r²Å¼ÆÕu¡C] [©w¸q¡G¤@­Ó¦r²Å¬O ISO/IEC 10646 [ISO/IEC 10646]¡]©Î [ISO/IEC 10646-2000]¡^¤¤©w¸qªº¤å¥»³Ì¤p³æ¤¸¡C¦Xªkªº¦r²Å¥]¬A¨îªí²Å¡A¦^¨®¡A´«¦æ¥H¤Î Unicode ©M ISO/IEC 10646 ¤¤©w¸qªº¦Xªk¦r²Å¡C¦b¨î©w¥»¤åÀɮɡA¦bªþ¿ý A.1 ¥¿¦¡°Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm¤¤¤Þ¥Îªº¼Ð­ã³£¬O·í®Éªº³Ì·sª©¥»¡A¦b³o¨Ç¼Ð­ãªº¼W¸Éª©©Î·sª©¤¤¥i¯à·|¥[¤J·sªº¦r²Å¡C¦]¦¹¡AXML ³B²z¾¹¥²¶·¯à±µ¨ü²£¥Í¦¡ Char ¤¤©Ò©w¸q­S³ò¤ºªº¥ô·N¦r²Å¡C¤£´£­Ò¨Ï¥Î [Unicode] 6.8 ¸`¡]©Î [Unicode3] 3.6 ¸` D21 ¡^¤¤©w¸qªº"­Ý®e¦r²Å¡]compatibility characters¡^"¡C]

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[2]    Char    ::=    #x9 | #xA | #xD | [#x20-#xD7FF] | [#xE000-#xFFFD] | [#x10000-#x10FFFF] /* °£¤F¥N¥Î¶ô¡]surrogate block¡^¡AFFFE ©M FFFF ¥H¥~ªº¥ô·N Unicode ¦r²Å¡C*/

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2.3 ³q¥Î»yªk¦¨¤À

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[3]    S    ::=    (#x20 | #x9 | #xD | #xA)+

¬°¤è«K°_¨£¡A¦r²Å³Q¤À¬°¦r¥À¡A¼Æ¦r©M¨ä¥L¦r²Å¤TÃþ¡C¦r¥À¥i¥H¬O¦r¥Àªí¤¤ªº¦r¥À¡A©Î¬O¤@­Ó­µ¸`°ò¦r²Å¡]syllabic base character¡^¡A¤]¥i¥H¬O¤@­Óªí·N¦r²Å¡C¦b"B. ¦r²Åªº¤ÀÃþ"¤¤µ¹¥X¤F¨C¤@Ãþ¦r²Åªº§¹¾ã©w¸q¡C

[©w¸q¡G¦W¦r¡]name¡^¬O¥H¦r¥À©Î¬Y¨Ç¼ÐÂI²Å¸¹¶}ÀYªº°O¸¹¡A¦Z¸ò¦r¥À¡A¼Æ¦r¡A³s¦r²Å¡A¤U¦E½u¡A«_¸¹©Î¥y¸¹¡A³o¨Ç²Å¸¹²ÎºÙ¬°©R¦W¦r²Å¡]name character¡^¡C] ¥H "xml" ©Î¨ä¥L¥ô¦ó¤Ç°t (('X'|'x') ('M'|'m') ('L'|'l')) ªº¦r²Å¦ê¶}ÀYªº¦W¦r¡A³Q«O¯d¥Î¤_¥»³W­Sªº¦¹ª©¥»©Î¦ZÄòª©¥»ªº¼Ð­ã¤Æ¡C

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[4]    NameChar    ::=    Letter | Digit | '.' | '-' | '_' | ':' | CombiningChar | Extender
[5]    Name    ::=    (Letter | '_' | ':') (NameChar)*
[6]    Names    ::=    Name (S Name)*
[7]    Nmtoken    ::=    (NameChar)+
[8]    Nmtokens    ::=    Nmtoken (S Nmtoken)*

±`¶q¼ÆÕu¬O¥ô¦ó¥Î¤Þ¸¹¬A°_ªº¦r²Å¦ê¡A¤£¥]¬A¥Î§@©w¬É²Åªº¤Þ¸¹¡C±`¶q¥Î¤_«ü©ú¤º³¡¹êÊ^ªº¤º®e¡]EntityValue¡^¡AÄÝ©Ê­È¡]AttValue¡^¡A¥H¤Î¥~³¡¼ÐÃѲš]SystemLiteral¡^¡Cª`·N¡A¹ï SystemLiteral ªº»yªk¤ÀªR¥i¥H¤£±½´y¼Ð°O¡C

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|  "'" ([^<&'] | Reference)* "'"
[11]    SystemLiteral    ::=    ('"' [^"]* '"') | ("'" [^']* "'")
[12]    PubidLiteral    ::=    '"' PubidChar* '"' | "'" (PubidChar - "'")* "'"
[13]    PubidChar    ::=    #x20 | #xD | #xA | [a-zA-Z0-9] | [-'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]

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ÁöµM²£¥Í¦¡ EntityValue ¤¹³\©w¸q¥u¥]§t³æ­Ó < ªº¹êÊ^¡]¦p¡A<!ENTITY mylt "<">¡^¡A¦ý¬O±j¯P«ØijÁקK³oÏú¥Îªk¡A¦]¬°¹ï¦¹¹êÊ^ªº¥ô¦ó¤Þ¥Î³£·|¤Þ°_¤@­Ó®æ¦¡¥¿ÚÌ©Ê¿ù»~¡C

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"and"¸¹¡]&¡^©M¥ª¦y¬A¸¹¡]<¡^¥u¦³§@¬°¼Ð°O©w¬É²Å¡A©Î¦bª`ÄÀ¡A³B²z«ü¥O¡A©Î CDATA ¬q¤¤®É¤~¯à¥H±`¶q§Î¦¡¥X²{¡C¦pªG¦b¨ä¥L¦a¤è»Ý­n¥Î¨ì³o¨â­Ó¦r²Å¡A¥¦­Ì¥²¶·¥Î¼Æ­È¦¡¦r²Å¤Þ¥Î¨ÓÂà¸q©Î¤À§O¥Î¦r²Å¦ê"&amp;"©M"&lt;"ªí¥Ü¡C¥k¦y¬A¸¹(>¡^¥i¥H¥Î"&gt;"ªí¥Ü¡A¦Ó·í¥¦¦b¤º®e¤¤ªº¦r²Å¦ê"]]>"¤¤¥X²{¡A¦ý¦¹¦r²Å¦ê¤£ªí¥Ü¤@­Ó CDATA ¬qªºµ²§ô®É¡A¥X¤_­Ý®e©Ê¦Ò¼{¡A¥²¶·¥Î"&gt;"©Î¤@­Ó¦r²Å¤Þ¥ÎÂà¸q±o¨ì¡C

¦b¤@­Ó¤¸¯Àªº¤º®e¤¤¡A¦r²Å¼ÆÕu¥i¥H¬O¤£¥]¬A¥ô¦ó¼Ð°Oªº°_©l©w¬É²Åªº¥ô·N¦r²Å¦ê¡C¦b¤@­Ó CDATA ¬q¤¤¡A¦r²Å¼ÆÕu¥i¥H¬O¤£¥]¬A CDATA ¬qµ²§ô©w¬É²Å"]]>"ªº¥ô·N¦r²Å¦ê¡C

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[14]    CharData    ::=    [^<&]* - ([^<&]* ']]>' [^<&]*)

2.5 ª`ÄÀ

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[15]    Comment    ::=    '<!--' ((Char - '-') | ('-' (Char - '-')))* '-->'

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2.6 ³B²z«ü¥O

[©w¸q¡G³B²z«ü¥O¡]PI¡^¤¹³\¤å¥ó¤¤¥]§t¥ÑÀ³¥Î¨Ó³B²zªº«ü¥O¡C]

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[16]    PI    ::=    '<?' PITarget (S (Char* - (Char* '?>' Char*)))? '?>'
[17]    PITarget    ::=    Name - (('X' | 'x') ('M' | 'm') ('L' | 'l'))

PI ¤£¬O¤å¥ó¦r²Å¼ÆÕuªº¤@³¡¤À¡A¦ý¥²¶·¶Ç»¼µ¹À³¥Î¡CPI ¥H¥Î¤_«ü¥Ü¶Ç»¼µ¹­þ­ÓÀ³¥Îªº¥Ø¼Ð¡]PITarget¡^¶}ÀY¡C¥Ø¼Ð¦W¦r "XML"¡A"xml"¡Aµ¥µ¥¡A«O¯d¥Î¤_¥»³W­Sªº¦¹ª©¥»©Î¦ZÄòª©¥»ªº¼Ð­ã¤Æ¡CXML °OªkÉó¨î¥i¥H¥Î¤_ PI ¥Ø¼Ðªº§Î¦¡¤ÆÁn©ú¡C°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¦b³B²z«ü¥O¤¤¤£³QÃѧO¡C

2.7 CDATA ¬q

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CDATA ¬q
[18]    CDSect    ::=    CDStart CData CDEnd
[19]    CDStart    ::=    '<![CDATA['
[20]    CData    ::=    (Char* - (Char* ']]>' Char*))
[21]    CDEnd    ::=    ']]>'

¦b¤@­Ó CDATA ¬q¤º¡A¥u¦³ CDEnd ¦r²Å¦ê³QÃѧO¬°¼Ð°O¡A¦]¦¹¥ª¦y¬A¸¹©M"&"¥i¥H¥H¥¦­Ìªº±`¶q§Î¦¡¥X²{¡A¤£»Ý­n¡]¤]¤£¯à¡^³Q´«½X¬°"&lt;"©M"&amp;"¡CCDATA ¬q¤£¯à´O®M¡C

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2.8 §Ç¨¥¡]prolog¡^©M¤å¥óÃþ«¬Án©ú

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XML ¤å¥ó¤¤¼Ð°Oªº¥\¯à¬O´y­z¤å¥óªº¦sÀx®æ¦¡©MÅÞ¿èµ²ÌÛ¡A¦}±NÄÝ©Ê-­È¹ï©MÅÞ¿èµ²ÌÛÃöÁp°_¨Ó¡CXML ´£¨Ñ¤@ÏúºÙ¬°¤å¥óÃþ«¬Án©úªºÉó¨î¡A¥Î¤_©w¸q¹ïÅÞ¿èµ²ÌÛªº¬ù§ô¡A¤ä«ù¹w©w¸q¦sÀx³æ¤¸ªº¨Ï¥Î¡C[©w¸q¡G¦pªG¤@­Ó XML ¤å¥ó¦³¬ÛÀ³ªº¤å¥óÃþ«¬Án©ú¦}¥B¥¦¿í´`¨ä¤¤ªº¬ù§ô¡A«hºÙ¥¦¬O¦³®Äªº¡]valid¡^¡C]

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[22]    prolog    ::=    XMLDecl? Misc* (doctypedecl Misc*)?
[23]    XMLDecl    ::=    '<?xml' VersionInfo EncodingDecl? SDDecl? S? '?>'
[24]    VersionInfo    ::=    S 'version' Eq ("'" VersionNum "'" | '"' VersionNum '"')/* */
[25]    Eq    ::=    S? '=' S?
[26]    VersionNum    ::=    ([a-zA-Z0-9_.:] | '-')+
[27]    Misc    ::=    Comment | PI | S

[©w¸q¡GXML ¤å¥óÃþ«¬Án©ú¥]§t©Î«ü¦V¼Ð°OÁn©ú¡A¼Ð°OÁn©ú´£¨Ñ¬Y¤@Ãþ¤å¥óªº¤åªk¡C³oÏú¤åªk³QºÙ¬°¤å¥óÃþ«¬©w¸q¡]document type difinition¡ADTD¡^¡C¤å¥óÃþ«¬©w¸q¥i¥H«ü¦V¤@­Ó¥~³¡¤l¶°¡]¤@Ïú¯S®íÃþ«¬ªº¥~³¡¹êÊ^¡^¡A©ÎªÌ¥i¥H¦b¤@­Ó¤º³¡¤l¶°¤¤ª½±µ¥]§t¼Ð°OÁn©ú¡A©ÎªÌ¨âªÌ­Ý¥Î¡C¤@­Ó¤å¥óªº¤å¥óÃþ«¬©w¸q¥Ñ³o¨â­Ó¤l¶°¦X¦b¤@°_²Õ¦¨¡C]

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[WFC: ¥~³¡¤l¶°]
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¦P¤º³¡¤l¶°¤@¼Ë¡A¥~³¡¤l¶°©M¥ô¦ó DeclSep ¤¤¤Þ¥Îªº¥~³¡°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¡A¥²¶·¥Ñ¤@¨t¦C³Q«D²×µ²²Å markupdecl ©Ò¤¹³\ªº§¹¾ãªº¼Ð°OÁn©ú²Õ¦¨¡A¨ä¤¤¥i¥H§¨ÂøªÅ¥Õ¦r²Å©Î°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Î¡C¦ý¬O¡A¥~³¡¤l¶°©M¥~³¡°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^ªº³¡¤À¤º®e¥i¥H³q¹L¨Ï¥Î±ø¥ó¬q¡]conditional section¡^³Q¦³±ø¥ó¦a©¿²¤¡A¦b¤º³¡¤l¶°¤¤«h¤£¤¹³\³o¤\°µ¡C

¥~³¡¤l¶°
[30]    extSubset    ::=    TextDecl? extSubsetDecl
[31]    extSubsetDecl    ::=    ( markupdecl | conditionalSect | DeclSep)* /* */

¥~³¡¤l¶°©M¥~³¡°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^ÉO¤º³¡¹êÊ^¤£¦P¤§³BÁÙ¦b¤_¡G¦b¥¦­Ì¤º¡A°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Î¤£¶È¥i¥H¥X²{¦b¼Ð°OÁn©ú¶¡¡AÁÙ¥i¥H¥X²{¦b¼Ð°OÁn©ú¤º¡C

¦³¤å¥óÃþ«¬Án©úªº XML ¤å¥óªº¨Ò¤l¡G

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE greeting SYSTEM "hello.dtd">
<greeting>Hello, world!</greeting>

¨t²Î¼ÐÃѲŠ"hello.dtd" µ¹¥X¤F¦¹¤å¥óªº DTD ªº¦a§}¡]¤@­Ó URI ¤Þ¥Î¡^¡C

Án©ú¤]¥i¥H¦p¦P¤U­±³o­Ó¨Ò¤l¤@¼Ëª½±µ¡]locally¡^µ¹¥X¡G

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE greeting [
  <!ELEMENT greeting (#PCDATA)>
]>
<greeting>Hello, world!</greeting>

¦pªG¦P®É¨Ï¥Î¥~³¡©M¤º³¡¤l¶°¡A¤l¶°¤l¶°³Q¬Ý¦¨¥X²{¦b¥~³¡¤l¶°¤§«e¡A³o·N¨ýµÛ¤º³¡¤l¶°¤¤ªº¹êÊ^©MÄݩʪíÁn©úªºÉ¬¥ý¯Å­n¤ñ¦b¥~³¡¤l¶°¤¤ªº°ª¡C

2.9 ¿W¥ß¤å¥óÁn©ú

·í¤å¥ó±q XML ³B²z¾¹»¼µ¹À³¥Î®É¡A¼Ð°OÁn©ú¥i¥H¼vÅT¥¦ªº¤º®e¡AÄݩʯʬ٭ȩM¹êÊ^Án©ú¬O¨ä¤¤ªº¨Ò¤l¡C¥i¥H§@¬° XML Án©ú¤@­Ó¦¨¤Àªº¿W¥ß¤å¥óÁn©ú¡A«ü©ú¤F¬O§_¦s¦bµÛ¦b¤å¥ó¹êÊ^¥~©Î¦b°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤¤ªºÁn©ú¡C[©w¸q¡G¥~³¡¼Ð°OÁn©ú³Q©w¸q¬°¥X²{¦b¥~³¡¤l¶°©Î°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¡]¥~³¡©Î¤º³¡¡A¥]¬A¤º³¡°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¬O¦]¬°¦}¤£±j¨î¤£¶i¦æÅçµýªº³B²z¾¹Åª¨ú¨ä¤¤ªº¼Ð°OÁn©ú¡^¤¤ªº¼Ð°OÁn©ú¡C]

¿W¥ß¤å¥óÁn©ú
[32]    SDDecl    ::=    S 'standalone' Eq (("'" ('yes' | 'no') "'") | ('"' ('yes' | 'no') '"')) [VC: ¿W¥ß¤å¥óÁn©ú]

¦b¤@­Ó¿W¥ß¤å¥óÁn©ú¤¤¡A­È "yes" ªí¥Ü¹ï¤_¤å¥ó¹êÊ^¨S¦³¥~³¡¼Ð°OÁn©ú¡]¤£½×¬O¦b DTD ¥~³¡¤l¶°¤¤¡AÁÙ¬O¦b¥Ñ¤º³¡¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Îªº¥~³¡°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤¤¡^·|¼vÅT±q XML ³B²z¾¹¶Ç»¼µ¹À³¥Îªº«H®§¡C­È "no" ªí¥Ü¦³©Î¥i¯à¦³³o¼Ëªº¥~³¡¼Ð°OÁn©ú¡Cª`·N¡A¿W¥ß¤å¥óÁn©ú¥u¬Oªí¥Ü¥~³¡Án©úªº¦s¦b¡A¦pªG¤å¥ó¤¤¦s¦b¹ï¥~³¡¹êÊ^ªº¤Þ¥Î¡A¦Ó³o¨Ç¹êÊ^¤w¦b¤º³¡Án©ú®É¡A¤£¼vÅT¥¦ªº¿W¥ßª¬ºA¡C

¦pªG¤£¦s¦b¥~³¡¼Ð°OÁn©ú¡A¿W¥ß¤å¥óÁn©ú¨S¦³·N¸q¡C¦pªG¦s¦b¥~³¡¼Ð°OÁn©ú¡A¦ý¨S¦³¿W¥ß¤å¥óÁn©ú¡A´N°²©w¨ú­È "no"¡C

¬Y¨ÇÊIµ¸¶Ç¿éÀ³¥Î¤]³\»Ý­n¿W¥ßªº¤å¥ó¡A¥ô¦óº¡¨¬ standalone="no" ªº XML ¤å¥ó¥i¥H³q¹L¤@©wªººâªkÂà´«¬°¿W¥ß¤å¥ó¡C

¦³®Ä©Ê¬ù§ô: ¿W¥ß¤å¥óÁn©ú
¿W¥ß¤å¥óÁn©ú¥²¶·¨ú­È¬° "no"¡A¦pªG¥ô¦ó¥~³¡¼Ð°OÁn©ú¤¤¥]§t¡G

  • ¦³¯Ê¬Ù­ÈªºÄݩʪºÁn©ú¡A¦pªGÓì¥Î³o¨ÇÄݩʪº¤¸¯À¥X²{¦b¤å¥ó¤¤¦Ó¤S¨S¦³µ¹³o¨ÇÄݩʽá­Èªº¸Ü¡C
  • ¡]°£¤F amp¡Alt¡Agt¡Aapos¡Aquot ¥~ªº¡^¹êÊ^ªºÁn©ú¡A¦Ó¹ï³o¨Ç¹êÊ^ªº¤Þ¥Î¥X²{¦b¤å¥ó¤¤ªº¸Ü¡C
  • ¨ä­È»Ý­n³W­S¤ÆªºÄݩʪºÁn©ú¡A¦pªG³o¨Ç¥X²{¦b¤å¥ó¤¤ªºÄݩʪº­È·|¦]³W­S¤Æ¦Ó§ïÅܪº¸Ü¡C
  • ¨ã¦³¤¸¯À«¬¤º®eªº¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬ªºÁn©ú¡A¦pªG¦b³o¨ÇÃþ«¬ªº¥ô¤@¹ê¨Ò¤¤ª½±µ¥X²{ªÅ¥Õªº¸Ü¡C

¨ã¦³¿W¥ß¤å¥óÁn©úªº XML Án©úªº¨Ò¤l¡G

<?xml version="1.0" standalone='yes'?>

2.10 ªÅ¥Õ³B²z

¦b½s¿è XML ¤å¥ó®É¡A¨Ï¥Î"ªÅ¥Õ"¡]ªÅ®æ¡A¨îªí²Å¡AªÅ¦æ¡^¨Ó¤À¶}¼Ð°O¥HÀò±o§ó¦nªº¥iŪ©Ê¬O«Ü¤è«Kªº¡C³q±`¦b¤å¥óªº¥æ¥Iª©¥»¤¤¤£·Q¥]§t³o¨ÇªÅ¥Õ¡C¥t¤@¤è­±¡A¥²¶·«O¯d¦b¥æ¥Iª©¥»¤¤ªº¦³·N¸qªºªÅ¥Õ¬O«Ü±`¨£ªº¡A¦p¦b¸Öºq©M·½½X¤¤ªºªÅ¥Õ¡C

XML ³B²z¾¹¥²¶·©l²×§â¤£¬O¼Ð°Oªº©Ò¦³¦r²Å¶Ç»¼µ¹À³¥Î¡C¤@­Ó¶i¦æÅçµýªº XML ³B²z¾¹¥²¶·¦P®É³qª¾À³¥Î³o¨Ç¦r²Å¤¤ªº¨º¤@¨Ç²Õ¦¨¤F¥X²{¦b¤¸¯À«¬¤º®e¤¤ªºªÅ¥Õ¡C

¥i¥H¦b¤¸¯À¤¤ªþ¥[¤@­Ó¦W¬° xml:space ªº¯S®íÄÝ©Ê¡A¥H³qª¾À³¥ÎÀ³¸Ó«O¯d¦¹¤¸¯À¤¤ªºªÅ¥Õ¡C¦b¦³®Äªº¤å¥ó¤¤¡A¦¹ÄÝ©Ê©M¨ä¥LÄݩʤ@¼Ë¡A¨Ï¥Î®É¥²¶·Án©ú¡C¥¦¥²¶·³QÁn©ú¬°ªTÁ|Ãþ«¬¡A¥i¥H¨ú­È "default" ©M "preserve" ¨âªÌ¤§¤@¡A¤]¥i¥H¨â­Ó³£¨ú¡C¨Ò¦p¡G

<!ATTLIST poem  xml:space (default|preserve) 'preserve'>

<!-- -->
<!ATTLIST pre xml:space (preserve) #FIXED 'preserve'>

"default" ªí¥Ü¥i¥H¹ï¦¹¤¸¯À¨Ï¥ÎÀ³¥Îªº¯Ê¬ÙªÅ¥Õ³B²z¼Ò¦¡¡A"preserve" ªí¥ÜÀ³¥ÎÀ³¸Ó«O¯d©Ò¦³ªºªÅ¥Õ¡C³oÓì¥Î¤_¨ä©Ò³B¤¸¯Àªº¤º®e¤¤ªº©Ò¦³¤¸¯À¡A°£«D³Q¥t¤@­Ó xml:space Äݩʪº¹ê¨Ò©ÒÂл\¡C

¥ô¦ó¤å¥óªº®Ú¤¸¯À³Q»{¬°¹ïÀ³¥ÎªºªÅ¥Õ³B²z¤è¦¡¤£§@­n¨D¡A°£«D¥¦µ¹¦¹Äݩʽá¤F­È©Î±N¦¹ÄÝ©ÊÁn©ú¬°±a¯Ê¬Ù­È¡C

2.11 ¦æ§À³B²z

¬°½s¿èªº¤è«K°_¨£¡A¦sÀx XML ¤wªR¹êÊ^ªº­pºâÉó¤å¥ó¸g±`¥Î¦æ¨Ó²Õ´¡C³q±`³o¨Ç¦æ¥Î¦^¨®²Å¡]#xD¡^©M´«¦æ²Å¡]#xA¡^ªº¤@¨Ç²Õ¦X¨Ó¤À¹j¡C

¬°¤F¨ÏÀ³¥Îªº¤u§@²³æ¤Æ¡AXML ³B²z¾¹À³¦b±N¦r²Å¶Çµ¹À³¥Î«e¡A±N¥~³¡¤wªR¹êÊ^¡]¥]¬A¤å¥ó¹êÊ^¡^¤¤ªº¨â¦r²Å§Ç¦C "#xD#xA" ©Î¨S¦³§ÀÀH #xA ªº #xD ¦b¶i¦æ»yªk¤ÀªR«eÂà´«¦¨³æ­Ó #xA ¦r²Å¡C

2.12 »y¨¥¼ÐÃÑ

¦b¶i¦æ¤å¥ó³B²z®É¡A¼ÐÃÑ¥X¨ä¤º®e©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº¦ÛµM©Î§Î¦¡¤Æ»y¨¥¸g±`¬O«Ü¦³¥Îªº¡C¥i¥H¦b¤å¥ó¤¤´¡¤J¤@­Ó¦W¬° xml:lang ªº¯S®íÄݩʥΤ_«ü¥X XML ¤å¥ó¤¤¥ô¦ó¤¸¯Àªº¤º®e©MÄݩʩҨϥΪº»y¨¥¡C¦b¦³®Äªº¤å¥ó¤¤¡A¦¹ÄÝ©Ê©M¨ä¥LÄݩʤ@¼Ë¡A¨Ï¥Î®É¥²¶·Án©ú¡C¦¹Äݩʪº­È¬O [IETF RFC 1766]¡ATags for the Identification of Languages ©Î¨ä¦Zªº ITEF ¼Ð­ã¤¤©w¸qªº»y¨¥¼ÐÃѲšC

ª`¡G

[IETF RFC 1766] ¤¤ªº¼Ðñ¥Ñ [ISO 639] ¤¤©w¸qªº¨â¦r¥À»y¨¥½X©M [ISO 3166] ¤¤©w¸qªº¨â¦r¥À°ê®a½XÌÛ¦¨¡A©ÎªÌ¥Ñ Internet Assigned Numbers Authority [IANA-LANGCODES] ª`¥Uªº»y¨¥¼ÐÃѲÅÌÛ¦¨¡C ¹w­p [IETF RFC 1766] ªº¦ZÄ~¼Ð­ã±N·|¤Þ¤J¤T¦r¥À»y¨¥½X¥Î¤_ªí¥Ü [ISO 639] ¤¤¨S¦³¯A¤Îªº»y¨¥¡C

¡]²£¥Í¦¡ 33 ¨ì 38 ¤w³Q§R°£¡C¡^

Á|¨Ò¦p¤U¡G

<p xml:lang="en">The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.</p>
<p xml:lang="en-GB">What colour is it?</p>
<p xml:lang="en-US">What color is it?</p>
<sp who="Faust" desc='leise' xml:lang="de">
  <l>Habe nun, ach! Philosophie,</l>
  <l>Juristerei, und Medizin</l>
  <l>und leider auch Theologie</l>
  <l>durchaus studiert mit heißem Bemüh'n.</l>
  </sp>

xml:lang ©Òªí¥Üªº»y¨¥¿ï¾ÜÓì¥Î¤_¥¦©Ò³B¤¸¯Àªº©Ò¦³ÄÝ©Ê©M¤º®e¡A°£«D³Q¦¹¤º®e¤¤ªº¤¸¯À¤ºªº¥t¤@­Ó xml:lang ªº¹ê¨Ò©ÒÂл\¡C

xml:lang ªº¤@­Ó²³æÁn©ú¥i¥Hªö¥Î¦p¤U§Î¦¡¡G

xml:lang  NMTOKEN  #IMPLIED

¦ý¬O¦pªG¦XÓ쪺¸Ü¡A¤]¥i¥Hµ¹¥X¯S©wªº¯Ê¬Ù­È¡C¦b¤@¥»¨Ñ­^°ê¾Ç¥Í¨Ï¥Îªºªk¤å¸Öºq¶°¤¤¡Aµûª`©Mª`¸Ñ¨Ï¥Î­^»y¡Axml:lang ÄÝ©Ê¥i¥H³o¼ËÁn©ú¡G

    <!ATTLIST poem   xml:lang NMTOKEN 'fr'>
    <!ATTLIST gloss  xml:lang NMTOKEN 'en'>
    <!ATTLIST note   xml:lang NMTOKEN 'en'>

3. ÅÞ¿èµ²ÌÛ

[©w¸q¡G¨C­Ó XML ¤å¥ó¥]§t¤@­Ó©Î¦h­Ó¤¸¯À¡A¥¦­ÌªºÃä¬É¥Î°_©l¼Ðñ©Mµ²§ô¼Ðñ¤À¹j¡A©ÎªÌ¡A¹ï¤_ªÅ¤¸¯À¡A¥Î¤@­ÓªÅ¤¸¯À¼Ðñ¤À¹j¡C¨C¤@­Ó¤¸¯À¦³¤@­Ó¥Î¦W¦r¼ÐÃѪºÃþ«¬¡A¦³®ÉºÙ¤§¬°¥¦ªº"³q¥Î¼ÐÃѲš]generic identifier¡^"¡]GI¡^¡A¦P®É¥¦¥i¥H¦³¤@­ÓÄÝ©Ê­È»¡©ú¡]attribute specification¡^¶°¡C] ¨C¤@­ÓÄÝ©Ê­È»¡©ú¦³¤@­Ó¦W¦r©M¤@­Ó­È¡C

¤¸¯À
[39]    element    ::=    EmptyElemTag
| STag content ETag [WFC: ¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬¤Ç°t]
[VC: ¤¸¯À¦³®Ä©Ê]

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®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̩ʬù§ô: ¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬¤Ç°t
¤¸¯Àµ²§ô¼Ðñ¤¤ªº Name ¥²¶·©M°_©l¼Ðñ¤¤ªº¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬¬Û¤Ç°t¡C

¦³®Ä©Ê¬ù§ô: ¤¸¯À¦³®Ä©Ê
¦pªG¦³¤@­ÓÉO elementdecl ¬Û¤Ç°tªºÁn©úªº Name ÉO¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬¬Û¤Ç°t¡A¥B¤U­z¤§¤@¦¨¥ß®É¡AºÙ¦¹¤¸¯À¬O¦³®Äªº¡G

  1. ¦¹Án©úÉO EMPTY ¬Û¤Ç°t¡A¦P®É¦¹¤¸¯À¨S¦³¤º®e¡C
  2. ¦¹Án©úÉO children ¬Û¤Ç°t¡A¦P®É¤l¤¸¯Àªº§Ç¦CÄݤ_¤º®e¼Ò«¬¤¤ªº¥¿«hªí¹F¦¡©Ò²£¥Íªº»y¨¥¡A¦b°_©l¼Ðñ©M²Ä¤@­Ó¤l¤¸¯À¤§¶¡¡A¤l¤¸¯À¤§¶¡¥H¤Î³Ì¦Z¤@­Ó¤l¤¸¯À©Mµ²§ô¼Ðñ¤§¶¡¤¹³\¦³ªÅ¥Õ¡]¤Ç°t«D²×µ²²Å S ªº¦r²Å¡^¡Cª`·N¡A¶È¥]¬AªÅ¥Õªº CDATA ¬q¤£¤Ç°t«D²×µ²²Å S¡A¦]¦¹¤£¯à¦b³o¨Ç¦ì¸m¥X²{¡C
  3. ¦¹Án©úÉO Mixed ¬Û¤Ç°t¡A¦P®É¤º®e¥Ñ¨äÃþ«¬¤Ç°t¤º®e¼Ò«¬¤¤ªº¦W¦rªº¦r²Å¼ÆÕu©M¤l¤¸¯À²Õ¦¨¡C
  4. ¦¹Án©úÉO ANY ¬Û¤Ç°t¡A¦P®É¨C­Ó¤l¤¸¯ÀªºÃþ«¬§¡¤wÁn©ú¡C

3.1 °_©l¼Ðñ¡Aµ²§ô¼Ðñ©MªÅ¤¸¯À¼Ðñ

[©w¸q¡G¨C¤@­Ó«DªÅ XML ¤¸¯À¥H¤@­Ó°_©l¼Ðñ§@¬°¶}©lªº¼Ð°O¡C]

°_©l¼Ðñ
[40]    STag    ::=    '<' Name (S Attribute)* S? '>' [WFC: °ß¤@ªºÄÝ©Ê­È»¡©ú]
[41]    Attribute    ::=    Name Eq AttValue [VC: ÄÝ©Ê­ÈÃþ«¬]
[WFC: µL¥~³¡¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Î]
[WFC: ¦bÄݩʭȤ¤¨S¦³<]

°_©l¼Ðñ©Mµ²§ô¼Ðñ¤¤ªº Name µ¹¥X¤F¤¸¯ÀªºÃþ«¬¡C[©w¸q¡GName-AttValue ¹ï³Q²ÎºÙ¬°¤¸¯ÀªºÄÝ©Ê­È»¡©ú]¡A[©w¸q¡G¨ä¤¤¨C¤@¹ï¤¤ªº Name ³QºÙ¬°ÄݩʦW]¡A[©w¸q¡GAttValue ªº¤º®e¡]¦b'©Î"©w¬É²Å¶¡ªº¤å¥»¡^³QºÙ¬°ÄÝ©Ê­È]¡Cª`·N¡A¦b°_©l¼Ðñ©MªÅ¤¸¯À¼Ðñ¤¤¦U­ÓÄÝ©Ê­ÈÁn©úªº¦¸§Ç¨S¦³·N¸q¡C

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µ²§ô¼Ðñ
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3.2 ¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬Án©ú

¥X¤_Åçµýªº¥Øªº¡A¥i¥H¥Î¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬©MÄݩʪíÁn©ú­­¨î XML ¤å¥ó¤¤¤¸¯Àªºµ²ÌÛ¡C¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬Án©ú­­¨î¤F¤¸¯Àªº¤º®e¡C

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3.2.1 ¤¸¯À«¬¤º®e

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[47]    children    ::=    (choice | seq) ('?' | '*' | '+')?
[48]    cp    ::=    (Name | choice | seq) ('?' | '*' | '+')?
[49]    choice    ::=    '(' S? cp ( S? '|' S? cp )+ S? ')' /* */
/* */
[VC: ÄY®æªº²Õ/°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^´O®M]
[50]    seq    ::=    '(' S? cp ( S? ',' S? cp )* S? ')' /* */
[VC: ÄY®æªº²Õ/°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^´O®M]

¨ä¤¤¨C¤@­Ó Name ¬O¥i¥H§@¬°¤l¤¸¯Àªº¤¸¯ÀªºÃþ«¬¡C¿ï¾Üªí¤¤¥X²{ªº¥ô·N¤º®e²É¤l¦b¤¸¯À«¬¤º®e¤¤¤¹³\¥X²{ªº¦ì¸m¹ïÀ³¤_¿ï¾Üªí¦b¤åªk¤¤ªº¦ì¸m¡C§Ç¦Cªí¤¤¥X²{ªº©Ò¦³¤º®e²É¤l¥²¶·¥H¬Û¦Pªº¶¶§Ç¥X²{¦b¤¸¯À«¬¤º®e¤¤¡C¦b¦W¦r©Îªí¤§¦Zªº¥i¿ï¦r²Å¡]optional character¡^¨M©w¤Fªí¤¤¤¸¯À©Î¤º®e²É¤l¥i¥H¥X²{¤@¦¸©Î¦h¦¸¡]+¡^¡AÁÙ¬O¹s¦¸©Î¦h¦¸¡]*¡^¡A©Î¬O¹s¦¸©Î¤@¦¸¡]?¡^¡C¨S¦³³o¼Ë¤@­Ó¾Þ§@²Å·N¨ýµÛ¤¸¯À©Î¤º®e²É¤l¥²¶·«ê¦n¥X²{¤@¦¸¡C³oÏú»yªk©M·N¸q©M¥»³W­S¤¤ªº²£¥Í¦¡¤¤©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº¬Û¦P¡C

·í¥B¶È·í¤@­Ó¤¸¯Àªº¤º®e¥i¥H³q¹Lº¡¨¬¤º®e¼Ò«¬¤¤ªº¿ï¾Ü¡A§Ç¦C©M­«Î`¾Þ§@²Å±o¨ì¡A¦}¥B¤º®e¤¤ªº¨C¤@­Ó¤¸¯ÀÉO¤º®e¼Ò«¬¤¤ªº¤@Ïú¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬¬Û¤Ç°t®É¡AºÙ¦¹¤¸¯Àªº¤º®eÉO¸Ó¤º®e¼Ò«¬¬Û¤Ç°t¡C¥X¤_­Ý®e©Ê¦Ò¼{¡A ¦pªG¤å¥óªº¬Y­Ó¤¸¯À¥i¥H©M¤º®e¼Ò«¬¤¤ªº¤@Ïú¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬¦h¦¸¤Ç°t¡A³o¬O¤@­Ó¿ù»~¡C §ó¸Ô²Óªº«H®§°Ñ¨£"E. ÚÌ©w«¬¤º®e¼Ò«¬".

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<!ELEMENT div1 (head, (p | list | note)*, div2*)>
<!ELEMENT dictionary-body (%div.mix; | %dict.mix;)*>

3.2.2 ²V¦X«¬¤º®e¡]Mixed Content¡^

[©w¸q¡G·í¬Y¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬¥i¥H¥]§t¦r²Å¼ÆÕu¡A¨ä¶¡¥i¥HÀH·N¬ï´¡¤l¤¸¯À®É¡AºÙ¦¹¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬¨ã¦³²V¦X«¬¤º®e¡C] ¦b³oÏú±¡ªp¤U¡A¹ï¤l¤¸¯ÀªºÃþ«¬¥i¯à¦³©Ò­­¨î¡A¦ý¹ï¥¦­Ìªº¦¸§Ç©M¥X²{¦¸¼Æ¨S¦³­­¨î¡G

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[51]    Mixed    ::=    '(' S? '#PCDATA' (S? '|' S? Name)* S? ')*'
| '(' S? '#PCDATA' S? ')' [VC: ÄY®æªº²Õ/°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^´O®M]
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3.3 ÄݩʪíÁn©ú

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  • ´£¨ÑÄݩʪº¯Ê¬Ù­È¡C

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[52]    AttlistDecl    ::=    '<!ATTLIST' S Name AttDef* S? '>'
[53]    AttDef    ::=    S Name S AttType S DefaultDecl

AttlistDecl ³W«h¤¤ Name ¬O¤¸¯ÀªºÃþ«¬¡C¥Ñ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¿ï¾Ü¡A·íÄÝ©ÊÁn©ú¬ÛÃöªº¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬¨S¦³³QÁn©ú®É¡AXML ³B²z¾¹¥i¥Hµ¹¥X¤@­Óĵ§i¡A¦ý³o¤£¬O¤@­Ó¿ù»~¡CAttDef ³W«h¤¤ªº Name ¬OÄݩʪº¦W¦r¡C

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3.3.1 ÄÝ©ÊÃþ«¬

XML Äݩʦ³¤TÏúÃþ«¬¡G¦r²Å¦êÃþ«¬¡A¤@²Õ°O¸¹¤ÆÃþ«¬©MªTÁ|Ãþ«¬¡C¦r²Å¦êÃþ«¬¥i¥H¥H¥ô·N±`¶q¦r²Å¦ê¬°­È; ¦U­Ó°O¸¹¤ÆÃþ«¬¦³¤£¦Pªºµüªk©M»y¸q¬ù§ô¡C¤åªk¤¤«ü¥Xªº¦³®Ä©Ê¬ù§ôÓì¥Î¤_ÄݩʭȤw«ö 3.3 ¸` 3.3 ÄݩʪíÁn©ú¤¤©Ò­z³W­S¤Æ¤F¤§¦Zªº±¡ªp¡C

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[54]    AttType    ::=    StringType | TokenizedType | EnumeratedType
[55]    StringType    ::=    'CDATA'
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[VC: ¨CÏú¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬¤@­Ó ID]
[VC: ID Äݩʪº¯Ê¬Ù­È]
| 'IDREF' [VC: IDREF]
| 'IDREFS' [VC: IDREF]
| 'ENTITY' [VC: ¹êÊ^¦W]
| 'ENTITIES' [VC: ¹êÊ^¦W]
| 'NMTOKEN' [VC: ¦W¦r°O¸¹]
| 'NMTOKENS' [VC: ¦W¦r°O¸¹]

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[VC: ¨CÏúÄÝ©ÊÃþ«¬¤@Ïú°Oªk]
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3.3.2 Äݩʯʬ٭È

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<!ENTITY da "&#xD;&#xA;">

¤Uªí¤¤¥ªÃä¤@¦C¤¤ªºÄÝ©Ê­È»¡©ú¦b a Án©ú¬° NMTOKENS ªº±¡ªp¤U³W­S¤Æ¬°¤¤¶¡¤@¦Cªº¦r²Å§Ç¦C¡A¦b a Án©ú¬° CDATA ªº±¡ªp¤U³W­S¤Æ¬°¥kÃä¤@¦C¤¤ªº¦r²Å§Ç¦C¡C

¥¼ªR¹êÊ^TH>ÄÝ©Ê­È»¡©ú
a Án©ú¬° NMTOKENS a Án©ú¬° CDATA
a="

xyz"
x y z #x20 #x20 x y z
a="&d;&d;A&a;&a;B&da;"
A #x20 B #x20 #x20 A #x20 #x20 B #x20 #x20
a=
"&#xd;&#xd;A&#xa;&#xa;B&#xd;&#xa;"
#xD #xD A #xA #xA B #xD #xA #xD #xD A #xA #xA B #xD #xD

ª`·N¡A¦b a Án©ú¬° NMTOKENS Ãþ«¬ªº±¡ªp¤U¡A³Ì¦Z¤@­Ó¨Ò¤l¤£¬O¦³®Äªº¡]¦ý¬O¬O®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̪º¡^¡C

3.4 ±ø¥ó¬q¡]Conditional Sections¡^

[©w¸q¡G±ø¥ó¬q¬O¤å¥óÃþ«¬Án©ú¥~³¡¤l¶°ªº¤@³¡¤À¡A¨ú¨M¤_¬ÛÀ³ªºÃöÁä¦r¡A¥¦­Ì©Î³Q¥]§t¦b DTD ÅÞ¿èµ²ÌÛ¤§¤º¡A©Î³Q±Æ°£¦b DTD ÅÞ¿èµ²ÌÛ¤§¥~¡C]

±ø¥ó¬q
[61]    conditionalSect    ::=    includeSect | ignoreSect
[62]    includeSect    ::=    '<![' S? 'INCLUDE' S? '[' extSubsetDecl ']]>' /* */
[VC: ÄY®æªº±ø¥ó¬q/°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^´O®M]
[63]    ignoreSect    ::=    '<![' S? 'IGNORE' S? '[' ignoreSectContents* ']]>' /* */
[VC: ÄY®æªº±ø¥ó¬q/°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^´O®M]
[64]    ignoreSectContents    ::=    Ignore ('<![' ignoreSectContents ']]>' Ignore)*
[65]    Ignore    ::=    Char* - (Char* ('<![' | ']]>') Char*)

¦³®Ä©Ê¬ù§ô: ÄY®æªº±ø¥ó¬q/°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^´O®M

¦pªG¤@­Ó±ø¥ó¬qªº "<!["¡A"[" ©Î "]]>" ¤¤ªº¥ô·N¤@­Ó¥]§t¦b¤@­Ó°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤¤ªº¸m´«¤å¥»¤¤¡A¥¦­Ì¥²¶·¥þ³¡¦b¦¹¦P¤@¸m´«¤å¥»¤¤¡C

¦P¤º³¡©Î¥~³¡ DTD ¤l¶°¤@¼Ë¡A±ø¥ó¬q¥i¥H¥]§t¤@­Ó©Î¦h­Ó§¹¾ãªºÁn©ú¡Aª`ÄÀ¡A³B²z«ü¥O¡A©Î´O®Mªº±ø¥ó¬q¡A¨ä¶¡¥i¥H§¨ÂøªÅ¥Õ¡C

¦pªG±ø¥ó¬qªºÃöÁä¦r¬O INCLUDE¡A¨º¤\±ø¥ó¬qªº¤º®e¬O DTD ªº¤@³¡¤À¡A¦pªG±ø¥ó¬qªºÃöÁä¦r¬O IGNORE¡A¨º¤\±ø¥ó¬qªº¤º®eÅÞ¿è¤W¤£¬O DTD ªº¤@³¡¤À¡C¦pªG¤@­ÓÃöÁä¦r¬° INCLUDE ªº±ø¥ó¬q¥X²{¦b§ó¤jªºÃöÁä¦r¬° IGNORE ªº±ø¥ó¬q¤¤¡A¤º¥~¨â­Ó±ø¥ó¬q³£³Q©¿²¤¡C¦b¹ï³Q©¿²¤ªº±ø¥ó¬qªº¤º®e¶i¦æ»yªk¤ÀªR®É¡A±qºòÀHÃöÁä¦rªº "[" ¤§¦Z¶}©l¡A°£¤F±ø¥ó¬qªº¶}©l "<![" ©Mµ²§À "]]>" ¥H¥~ªº©Ò¦³¦r²Å³£³Q©¿²¤¡Aª½¨ì§ä¨ì¬Û¤Ç°tªº±ø¥ó¬qµ²§À¡C¦b¦¹¹Lµ{¤¤°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤£³QÃѧO¡C

¦pªG±ø¥ó¬qªºÃöÁä¦r¬O¤@­Ó°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Î¡A³B²z¾¹¦b¨M©w¬O§_¥]§t©Î©¿²¤¦¹±ø¥ó¬q«e¡A¥²¶·¥ý±N¸Ó°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¸m´«¦¨¨ä¤º®e¡C

¤@­Ó¨Ò¤l¡G

<!ENTITY % draft 'INCLUDE' >
<!ENTITY % final 'IGNORE' >
 
<![%draft;[
<!ELEMENT book (comments*, title, body, supplements?)>
]]>
<![%final;[
<!ELEMENT book (title, body, supplements?)>
]]>

4. ª«²zµ²ÌÛ

[©w¸q¡G¤@­Ó XML ¤å¥ó¥i¯à¥]§t¤@­Ó©Î¦h­Ó¦sÀx³æ¤¸¡C¥¦­Ì³QºÙ¬°¹êÊ^¡]entity¡^;¥¦­Ì³£¨ã¦³¤º®e¦}¥B³£¥Î¦W¦r¶i¦æ¼ÐÃÑ¡]°£¤F¤å¥ó¹êÊ^¡A¨£¤U¡A©M¥~³¡ DTD ¤l¶°¤§¥~¡^¡C] ¨C¤@­Ó XML ¤å¥ó¦³¤@­ÓºÙ¬°¤å¥ó¹êÊ^ªº¹êÊ^¡A¥¦§@¬° XML ³B²z¾¹³B²zªº°_ÂI¦}¥i¯à¥]§t¤F¾ã­Ó¤å¥ó¡C

¹êÊ^¥i¥H¬O¤wªRªº©Î¥¼ªRªº¡C[©w¸q¡G¤wªR¹êÊ^¡]parsed entity¡^ªº¤º®e³QºÙ¬°¥¦ªº¸m´«¤å¥»;¦¹¤å¥»³Q¬Ý¦¨¬O¤å¥ó¾ãÊ^ªº¤@³¡¤À¡C]

¥¼ªR¹êÊ^¡]unparsed entity¡^¬O¤@Ïú¸ê·½¡A¨ä¤º®e¥i¥H¬O¤]¥i¥H¤£¬O¤å¥»¡A¦}¥B¡A¦pªG¬O¤å¥»ªº¸Ü¡A¥i¥H¤£¬O XML ¤å¥»¡C¨C¤@­Ó¥¼ªR¹êÊ^¦³¤@­Ó¬ÛÃöÁpªº¥Î¦W¦r¼ÐÃѪº°Oªk¡C°£¤F­n¨D XML ³B²z¾¹¯à¦VÀ³¥Î´£¨Ñ¹êÊ^©M°Oªkªº¼ÐÃѲŤ§¥~¡AXML ¹ï¥¼ªR¹êÊ^ªº¤º®e¤£§@¥ô¦ó­­¨î¡C]

¤wªR¹êÊ^¥H¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Îªº¤è¦¡¨Ï¥Î¦W¦r¨Ó½Õ¥Î;¥¼ªR¹êÊ^¥Î ENTITY ©Î ENTITIES Äݩʤ¤µ¹¥Xªº¦W¦r½Õ¥Î¡C

[©w¸q¡G´¶³q¹êÊ^¡]general entity¡^¬O¨º¨Ç¦b¤å¥ó¤º®e¤¤¨Ï¥Îªº¹êÊ^¡C¦b¥»³W­S¤¤¡A´¶³q¹êÊ^¦³®É¥Î¥¼­×¹¢ªº³N»yentity¨Óªí¥Ü¡C] [©w¸q¡G°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¬O¥Î¤_ DTD ¤ºªº¤wªR¹êÊ^¡C]³o¨âÃþ¹êÊ^¥Î¤£¦P§Î¦¡ªº¤Þ¥Î¡A¦b¤£¦Pªº¤W¤U¤å¤¤ÃѧO¡C¥t¥~¡A¥¦­Ì¨Ï¥Î¤£¦Pªº¦W°ì¡F¨ã¦³¬Û¦P¦W¦rªº°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^©M´¶³q¹êÊ^¬O¨â­ÓºIµM¤£¦Pªº¨â­Ó¹êÊ^¡C

4.1 ¦r²Å©M¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Î¡]Character and Entity References¡^

¤@­Ó¦r²Å¤Þ¥Î¤Þ¥Î ISO/IEC 10646 ¦r²Å¶°¤¤ªº¤@­Ó¦r²Å¡C¨Ò¦p¤£¯à¥Î¿é¤J³]³Æª½±µ¿é¤Jªº¦r²Å¡C

¦r²Å¤Þ¥Î
[66]    CharRef    ::=    '&#' [0-9]+ ';'
| '&#x' [0-9a-fA-F]+ ';' [WFC: ¦Xªk¦r²Å]

®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̩ʬù§ô: ¦Xªk¦r²Å
¥Î¦r²Å¤Þ¥Î¤Þ¥Îªº¦r²Å¥²¶·¤Ç°t Char ²£¥Í¦¡¡C

¦pªG¦r²Å¤Þ¥Î¥H "&#x" ¶}ÀY¡Aª½¨ì²×µ² ; ªº¼Æ¦r©M¦r¥À´£¨Ñ¤F¬Y¦r²Å¦b ISO/IEC 10646 ¤¤¥N½Xªº¤@­Ó¤Q¤»¶i¨îªí¥Ü¡C¦pªG¥¦¶È¥H "&#" ¶}ÀY¡Aª½¨ì²×µ² ; ªº¼Æ¦r´£¨Ñ¤F¬Y¦r²Åªº¥N½Xªº¤Q¶i­Èªí¥Ü¡C

¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Î¡]entity reference¡^¤Þ¥Î¤@­Ó©R¦W¹êÊ^ªº¤º®e¡C¹ï¤wªR´¶³q¹êÊ^ªº¤Þ¥Î¨Ï¥Î "and" ¸¹¡]&¡^©M¤À¸¹¡];¡^§@¬°©w¬É²Å¡C°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Î«h¨Ï¥Î¦Ê¤À¸¹¡]%¡^©M¤À¸¹¡];¡^§@¬°©w¬É²Å¡C

¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Î
[67]    Reference    ::=    EntityRef | CharRef
[68]    EntityRef    ::=    '&' Name ';' [WFC: Án©ú¹êÊ^]
[VC: Án©ú¹êÊ^]
[WFC: ¤wªR¹êÊ^]
[WFC: µL»¼Âk]
[69]    PEReference    ::=    '%' Name ';' [VC: Án©ú¹êÊ^]
[WFC: µL»¼Âk]
[WFC: ¦b DTD ¤º]

®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̩ʬù§ô: Án©ú¹êÊ^
¦b¤@­Ó¨S¦³¥ô¦ó DTD ªº¤å¥ó¡A©Î¤@­Ó¥u¦³¤£¥]§t°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Îªº¤º³¡ DTD ¤l¶°ªº¤å¥ó¡A©Î¤@­Ó "standalone='yes'" ªº¤å¥ó¤º¡A¤£¦b¥~³¡¤l¶°©Î°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤ºªº¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Î¤¤µ¹¥Xªº Name ¥²¶·ÉO¤£¦b¥~³¡¤l¶°©Î°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤º¹êÊ^Án©ú¤¤©Òµ¹¥Xªº¬Û¤Ç°t¡A¦ý®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̪º¤å¥ó¤£»Ý­nÁn©ú¥H¤Uªº³o¨Ç¹êÊ^¡Gamp¡Alt¡Agt¡Aapos ©M quot¡C´¶³q¹êÊ^ªºÁn©ú¥²¶·¥ý¤_¥ô¦ó¦bÄݩʪíÁn©ú¤¤ªº¯Ê¬Ù­È¤¤¥X²{ªº¹ï¥¦ªº¤Þ¥Î¡Cª`·N¡A¹ï¤_¦b¥~³¡¤l¶°©Î¥~³¡°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤¤Án©úªº¹êÊ^¡A¤£¶i¦æÅçµýªº³B²z¾¹¤£¥²­nŪ¨ú©M³B²z¥¦­ÌªºÁn©ú¡F¹ï³o¨Ç¤å¥ó¡A¶È·í standalone='yes' ®É¡A¹êÊ^¥²¶·³QÁn©úªº³W«h¤~¬O¤@­Ó®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̩ʬù§ô¡C

¦³®Ä©Ê¬ù§ô: Án©ú¹êÊ^
¦b¤@­Ó¦³¥~³¡¤l¶°©Î¥~³¡°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¥B "standalone='no'" ªº¹êÊ^¤¤¡A¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Î¤¤µ¹¥Xªº Name ¥²¶·ÉO¹êÊ^Án©ú¤¤©Òµ¹¥Xªº¬Û¤Ç°t¡C¥X¤_¤¬¾Þ§@©Ê¦Ò¼{¡A¦³®Äªº¤å¥óÀ³¸Ó¥H"4.6 ¹w©w¸q¹êÊ^"¤¤ªºÂ²¤Æ§Î¦¡Án©ú¹êÊ^ amp¡Alt¡Agt¡Aapos ©M quot¡C°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^ªºÁn©ú¥²¶·¥ý¤_¥ô¦ó¹ï¥¦ªº¤Þ¥Î¡CÃþ¦ü¦a¡A´¶³q¹êÊ^ªºÁn©ú¥²¶·¥ý¤_¥ô¦ó¦bÄݩʪíÁn©ú¤¤ªº¯Ê¬Ù­È¤¤¥X²{ªº¹ï¥¦ª½±µ©Î¶¡±µªº¤Þ¥Î¡C

®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̩ʬù§ô: ¤wªR¹êÊ^
¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Î¤£¯à¥]§t¤@­Ó¥¼ªR¹êÊ^ªº¦W¦r¡C¥¼ªR¹êÊ^¥u¯à¦bÁn©ú¬° ENTITY ©Î ENTITIES ªºÄݩʭȤ¤¤Þ¥Î¡C

®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̩ʬù§ô: µL»¼Âk
¤wªR¹êÊ^¤£¯àª½±µ©Î¶¡±µ¦a¥]§t¹ï¦Û¨­ªº»¼Âk¤Þ¥Î¡C

®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̩ʬù§ô: ¦b DTD ¤º
°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Î¥u¯à¦b DTD ¤¤¥X²{¡C

¦r²Å¤Þ¥Î©M¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Îªº¨Ò¤l¡G

Type <key>less-than</key> (&#x3C;) to save options.
This document was prepared on &docdate; and
is classified &security-level;.

°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Îªº¨Ò¤l¡G

<!-- declare the parameter entity "ISOLat2"... -->
<!ENTITY % ISOLat2
         SYSTEM "http://www.xml.com/iso/isolat2-xml.entities" >
<!-- ... now reference it. -->
%ISOLat2;

4.2 ¹êÊ^Án©ú¡]Entity Declaration¡^

[©w¸q¡G¹êÊ^¥H¦p¤U¤è¦¡Án©ú¡G]

¹êÊ^Án©ú
[70]    EntityDecl    ::=    GEDecl | PEDecl
[71]    GEDecl    ::=    '<!ENTITY' S Name S EntityDef S? '>'
[72]    PEDecl    ::=    '<!ENTITY' S '%' S Name S PEDef S? '>'
[73]    EntityDef    ::=    EntityValue | (ExternalID NDataDecl?)
[74]    PEDef    ::=    EntityValue | ExternalID

¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Î¤¤ªº Name ¼ÐÃѤF¸Ó¹êÊ^;¹ï¤_¥¼ªR¹êÊ^¡AENTITY ©Î ENTITIES Äݩʪº­È¼ÐÃѤF¸Ó¹êÊ^¡C¦pªG¦P¤@¹êÊ^³QÁn©ú¤F¤£¤î¤@¦¸¡A¸j©w²Ä¤@­Ó¹J¨ìªºÁn©ú¡C¥Ñ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¿ï¾Ü¡A¦pªG¹êÊ^³Q¦h¦¸Án©ú¡AXML ³B²z¾¹¥i¥Hµ¹¥Xĵ§i¡C

4.2.1 ¤º³¡¹êÊ^¡]Internal Entities¡^

[©w¸q¡G¦pªG¹êÊ^©w¸q¬O¤@­Ó EntityValue¡A³Q©w¸qªº¹êÊ^³QºÙ¬°¤º³¡¹êÊ^¡C] ¤º³¡¹êÊ^¨S¦³³æ¿Wªºª«²z¦sÀx¹ï¶H¡A¹êÊ^ªº¤º®e¦bÁn©ú¤¤µ¹¥X¡Cª`·N±`¶q¹êÊ^­È¤¤¤@¨Ç¹êÊ^©M¦r²Å¤Þ¥Îªº³B²z¥i¯à­n¨D²£¥Í¥¿Ú̪º¸m´«¤å¥»¡G°Ñ¨£"4.5 ¤º³¡¸m´«¤å¥»ªºÌÛ³y"¡C

¤º³¡¹êÊ^¬O¤wªR¹êÊ^¡C

¤º³¡¹êÊ^Án©úªº¨Ò¤l¡G

<!ENTITY Pub-Status "This is a pre-release of the
 specification.">

4.2.2 ¥~³¡¹êÊ^¡]External Entities¡^

[©w¸q¡G¦pªG¹êÊ^¤£¬O¤º³¡ªº¡A¨º¤\¥¦¬O¤@­Ó¥~³¡¹êÊ^¡AÁn©ú¦p¤U¡G]

¥~³¡¹êÊ^Án©ú
[75]    ExternalID    ::=    'SYSTEM' SSystemLiteral
| 'PUBLIC' S PubidLiteral S SystemLiteral
[76]    NDataDecl    ::=    S 'NDATA' S Name [VC: Án©ú°Oªk]

¦pªG¦³ NDataDecl¡A¨º¤\³o¬O¤@­Ó´¶³q¥¼ªR¹êÊ^¡F§_«h¥¦¬O¤@­Ó¤wªR¹êÊ^¡C

¦³®Ä©Ê¬ù§ô: Án©ú°Oªk
Name¥²¶·ÉO°Oªkªº¦W¦r¬Û¤Ç°t¡C

[©w¸q¡GSystemLiteral ³QºÙ¬°¸Ó¹êÊ^ªº¨t²Î¼ÐÃѲšC³o¬O¤@­Ó URI ¤Þ¥Î¡]¦b [IETF RFC 2396] ¤¤©w¸q¡A¦b [IETF RFC 2732] ¤¤§ó·s¡^¡A¥i¥H¥Ñ¦¹Àò±o XML ³B²z¾¹ªº¿é¤J¥Î¤_Ì۫ئ¹¹êÊ^ªº¸m´«¤å¥»¡C] ¤ùÂ_¼ÐÃѲš]¥H # ¶}ÀY¡^¥X²{¦b¨t²Î¼ÐÃѲŤ¤¬O¤@­Ó¿ù»~¡C¦pªG¤@­Ó¤ùÂ_¼ÐÃѲŧ@¬°¨t²Î¼ÐÃѲŪº³¡¤Àµ¹¥X¡AXML ³B²z¾¹¥i¥Hµ¹¥X¤@­Ó¿ù»~¡C°£«D¦b¥»³W­S­S³ò¤§¥~¥t¥~µ¹¥X¡]¦p¡A¤@­Ó¯S®í DTD ¤¤©w¸qªº±M¥Î XML ¤¸¯ÀÃþ«¬¡A©Î¤@­Ó¯S®íÀ³¥Î³W­S¤¤©w¸qªº³B²z«ü¥O¡^¡A¬Û¹ï URI «ü¬Û¹ï¤_¹êÊ^Án©ú©Ò¦b¸ê·½ªº¦ì¸m¡C¦]¦¹¡A¤@­Ó URI ¥i¯à¬O¬Û¹ï¤_¤å¥ó¹êÊ^¡A©Î¬Û¹ï¤_¥]§t¥~³¡ DTD ¤l¶°ªº¹êÊ^¡A©Î¬Û¹ï¤_¨ä¥L¤@¨Ç¥~³¡°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¡C

URI ¤Þ¥Î»Ý­n¹ï¬Y¨Ç¦r²Å¶i¦æ½s½X©MÂà¸q¡C¤£¤¹³\¥X²{ªº¦r²Å¥]¬A©Ò¦³«D ASCII ¦r²Å¡A¥H¤Î [IETF RFC 2396] ²Ä 2.4 ¸`¤¤¦C¥Xªº¤£³Q¤¹³\ªº¦r²Å¡A¤«¸¹¡]#¡^¡B¦Ê¤À¸¹¡]%¡^¡^ ©M [IETF RFC 2732] ¤¤¤¹³\ªº¤è¬A¸¹°£¥~¡C¤£³Q¤¹³\ªº¦r²Å¥²¶·¥Î¦p¤Uªº¤èªkÂà¸q¡G

  1. ¨C­Ó¤£³Q¤¹³\ªº¦r²Å­º¥ý³QÂà´«¦¨¤@­Ó©Î¦h­Ó¦r¸`ªº UTF-8 [IETF RFC 2279] ½s½X¡C

  2. ¥ô¦ó¹ïÀ³¤_¤@­Ó¤£³Q¤¹³\ªº¦r²Åªº¤K¦ì²Õ¥Î URI Âà¸qÉó¨îÂà¸q¡]§Y¡A±N¨äÂà´«¦¨%HH¡A¨ä¤¤ HH ¬O¦r¸`­Èªº¤Q¤»¶i¨î°Oªk¡^¡C

  3. ¥Î±o¨ìªº¦r²Å§Ç¦C¸m´«­ì¨Óªº¦r²Å¡C

°£¤F¨t²Î¼ÐÃѲŤ§¥~¡A¥~³¡¼ÐÃѲÅÁÙ¥i¥H¥]§t¤½¦@¼ÐÃѲšC¸Õ¹Ï¦s¨ú¹êÊ^¤º®eªº XML ³B²z¾¹¥i¥H¥Î¤½¦@¼ÐÃѲŸյ۲£¥Í¤@­Ó¥i¿ï URI ¤Þ¥Î¡C¦pªG³B²z¾¹µLªk°µ¨ì³o¤@ÂI¡A¥¦¥²¶·¨Ï¥Î¨t²Î±`¶q¤¤ªº URI ¤Þ¥Î¡C¦b¸ÕµÛ¤Ç°t¤§«e¡A¤½¦@¼ÐÃѲŤ¤©Ò¦³ªÅ¥Õ¦r²Å¦ê¥²¶·³Q³W­S¬°³æ­ÓªÅ®æ¦r²Å¡]#x20¡^¡A¦P®É¥²¶·¥h±¼«e¾É©M§ÀÀHªÅ¥Õ¡C

¥~³¡¹êÊ^Án©úªº¨Ò¤l¡G

<!ENTITY open-hatch
         SYSTEM "http://www.textuality.com/boilerplate/OpenHatch.xml">
<!ENTITY open-hatch
         PUBLIC "-//Textuality//TEXT Standard open-hatch boilerplate//EN"
         "http://www.textuality.com/boilerplate/OpenHatch.xml">
<!ENTITY hatch-pic
         SYSTEM "../grafix/OpenHatch.gif"
         NDATA gif >

4.3 ¤wªR¹êÊ^¡]Parsed Entities¡^

4.3.1 ¤å¥»Án©ú¡]Text Declaration¡^

[©w¸q¡G¨C­Ó¥~³¡¤wªR¹êÊ^À³¸Ó¥H¤å¥»Án©ú§@¬°¶}©l¡C]

¤å¥»Án©ú
[77]    TextDecl    ::=    '<?xml' VersionInfo? EncodingDecl S? '?>'

¤å¥»Án©ú¥²¶·¥H±`¶q§Î¦¡µ¹¥X¡A¦Ó¤£¯à¨Ï¥Î¤wªR¹êÊ^ªº¤Þ¥Î¡C¤å¥»Án©ú¥u¯à¦b¥~³¡¤wªR¹êÊ^ªº¶}ÀY¥X²{¡A¤£¤¹³\¦b¨ä¥L¥ô¦ó¦a¤è¥X²{¡C¦b¥~³¡¤wªR¹êÊ^¤¤ªº¤å¥»Án©ú¤£³Q»{¬°¬O¨ä¸m´«¤å¥»ªº¤@³¡¤À

4.3.2 ®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̪º¤wªR¹êÊ^¡]Well-Formed Parsed Entities¡^

¦pªG¤å¥ó¹êÊ^¤Ç°t document ²£¥Í¦¡¡A¨º¤\¥¦¬O®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̪º¡C¦pªG¥~³¡´¶³q¤wªR¹êÊ^¤Ç°t extParsedEnt ²£¥Í¦¡¡A¨º¤\¥¦¬O®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̪º¡C¦pªG¥~³¡°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¤Ç°t extPE ²£¥Í¦¡¡A¨º¤\¥¦¬O®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̪º¡C®ÚÕu©w¸q¡A¥~³¡°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^¬O®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̪º¡C

®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̪º¥~³¡¤wªR¹êÊ^
[78]    extParsedEnt    ::=    TextDecl? content

¦pªG¤º³¡´¶³q¤wªR¹êÊ^ªº¸m´«¤å¥»¤Ç°t content ²£¥Í¦¡¡A¨º¤\¥¦¬O®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̪º¡C®ÚÕu©w¸q¡A©Ò¦³¤º³¡ªº°Ñ¼Æ¹êÊ^³£¬O®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̪º¡C

¹êÊ^²Å¦X®æ¦¡¥¿Ú̩ʪº¤@­Óµ²ªG¬O XML ¤å¥óªºÅÞ¿è©Mª«²zµ²ÌÛ¬OÄY®æ´O®Mªº¡F°_©l¼Ðñ¡Aµ²§ô¼Ðñ¡AªÅ¤¸¯À¼Ðñ¡A¤¸¯À¡Aª`ÄÀ¡A³B²z«ü¥O¡A¦r²Å¤Þ¥Î¡A©Î¹êÊ^¤Þ¥Î³£¤£¯à¦b¤@­Ó¹êÊ^¤¤¶}©l¦Ó¦b¥t¤@­Ó¹êÊ^¤¤µ²§ô¡C

4.3.3 ¹êÊ^¤¤ªº¦r²Å½s½X¡]Character Encoding in Entities¡^

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A. °Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm

A.1 ¥¿¦¡°Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm

IANA-CHARSETS
(Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) Official Names for Character Sets, ed. Keld Simonsen et al. See ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/iana/assignments/character-sets.
IETF RFC 1766
IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). RFC 1766: Tags for the Identification of Languages¡A ed. H. Alvestrand. 1995.
ISO/IEC 10646
ISO (International Organization for Standardization). ISO/IEC 10646-1993 (E). Information technology -- Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) -- Part 1: Architecture and Basic Multilingual Plane. [Geneva]: International Organization for Standardization¡A 1993 (plus amendments AM 1 through AM 7).
ISO/IEC 10646-2000
ISO (International Organization for Standardization). ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000. Information technology -- Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) -- Part 1: Architecture and Basic Multilingual Plane. [Geneva]: International Organization for Standardization, 2000.
Unicode
The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard¡A Version 2.0. Reading¡A Mass.: Addison-Wesley Developers Press¡A 1996.
Unicode3
The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 3.0. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Developers Press, 2000. ISBN 0-201-61633-5.

A.2 ¨ä¥L°Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm

Aho/Ullman
Aho¡A Alfred V., Ravi Sethi¡A and Jeffrey D. Ullman. Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools. Reading: Addison-Wesley, 1986, rpt. corr. 1988.
Berners-Lee et al.
Berners-Lee, T., R. Fielding, and L. Masinter. Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax and Semantics. 1997. (Work in progress; see updates to RFC1738.)
Brüggemann-Klein
Brüggemann-Klein, Anne. Formal Models in Document Processing. Habilitationsschrift. Faculty of Mathematics at the University of Freiburg, 1993. (See ftp://ftp.informatik.uni-freiburg.de/documents/papers/brueggem/habil.ps.)
Brüggemann-Klein and Wood
Brüggemann-Klein, Anne, and Derick Wood. Deterministic Regular Languages. Universität Freiburg, Institut für Informatik, Bericht 38, Oktober 1991. Extended abstract in A. Finkel, M. Jantzen, Hrsg., STACS 1992, S. 173-184. Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1992. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 577. Full version titled One-Unambiguous Regular Languages in Information and Computation 140 (2): 229-253, February 1998.
Clark
James Clark. Comparison of SGML and XML. See http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-sgml-xml-971215.
IANA-LANGCODES
(Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) Registry of Language Tags, ed. Keld Simonsen et al. (See http://www.isi.edu/in-notes/iana/assignments/languages/.)
IETF RFC2141
IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). RFC 2141: URN Syntax, ed. R. Moats. 1997.
IETF RFC 2279
IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). RFC 2279: UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646, ed. F. Yergeau, 1998. (See http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2279.txt.)
IETF RFC 2376
IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). RFC 2376: XML Media Types. ed. E. Whitehead, M. Murata. 1998. (See http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2376.txt.)
IETF RFC 2396
IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). RFC 2396: Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax. T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding, L. Masinter. 1998. (See http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt.)
IETF RFC 2732
IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). RFC 2732: Format for Literal IPv6 Addresses in URL's. R. Hinden, B. Carpenter, L. Masinter. 1999. (See http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2732.txt.)
IETF RFC 2781
IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). RFC 2781: UTF-16, an encoding of ISO 10646, ed. P. Hoffman, F. Yergeau. 2000. (See http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2781.txt.)
ISO 639
(International Organization for Standardization). ISO 639:1988 (E). Code for the representation of names of languages. [Geneva]: International Organization for Standardization, 1988.
ISO 3166
(International Organization for Standardization). ISO 3166-1:1997 (E). Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions -- Part 1: Country codes [Geneva]: International Organization for Standardization, 1997.
ISO 8879
ISO (International Organization for Standardization). ISO 8879:1986(E). Information processing -- Text and Office Systems -- Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML). First edition -- 1986-10-15. [Geneva]: International Organization for Standardization, 1986.
ISO/IEC 10744
ISO (International Organization for Standardization). ISO/IEC 10744-1992 (E). Information technology -- Hypermedia/Time-based Structuring Language (HyTime). [Geneva]: International Organization for Standardization, 1992. Extended Facilities Annexe. [Geneva]: International Organization for Standardization, 1996.
WEBSGML
ISO (International Organization for Standardization). ISO 8879:1986 TC2. Information technology -- Document Description and Processing Languages. [Geneva]: International Organization for Standardization, 1998. (See http://www.sgmlsource.com/8879rev/n0029.htm.)
XML Names
Tim Bray, Dave Hollander, and Andrew Layman, editors. Namespaces in XML. Textuality, Hewlett-Packard, and Microsoft. World Wide Web Consortium, 1999. (See http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/.)

B. ¦r²Åªº¤ÀÃþ(Character Classes)

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[84]    Letter    ::=    BaseChar | Ideographic
[85]    BaseChar    ::=    [#x0041-#x005A] | [#x0061-#x007A] | [#x00C0-#x00D6] | [#x00D8-#x00F6] | [#x00F8-#x00FF] | [#x0100-#x0131] | [#x0134-#x013E] | [#x0141-#x0148] | [#x014A-#x017E] | [#x0180-#x01C3] | [#x01CD-#x01F0] | [#x01F4-#x01F5] | [#x01FA-#x0217] | [#x0250-#x02A8] | [#x02BB-#x02C1] | #x0386 | [#x0388-#x038A] | #x038C | [#x038E-#x03A1] | [#x03A3-#x03CE] | [#x03D0-#x03D6] | #x03DA | #x03DC | #x03DE | #x03E0 | [#x03E2-#x03F3] | [#x0401-#x040C] | [#x040E-#x044F] | [#x0451-#x045C] | [#x045E-#x0481] | [#x0490-#x04C4] | [#x04C7-#x04C8] | [#x04CB-#x04CC] | [#x04D0-#x04EB] | [#x04EE-#x04F5] | [#x04F8-#x04F9] | [#x0531-#x0556] | #x0559 | [#x0561-#x0586] | [#x05D0-#x05EA] | [#x05F0-#x05F2] | [#x0621-#x063A] | [#x0641-#x064A] | [#x0671-#x06B7] | [#x06BA-#x06BE] | [#x06C0-#x06CE] | [#x06D0-#x06D3] | #x06D5 | [#x06E5-#x06E6] | [#x0905-#x0939] | #x093D | [#x0958-#x0961] | [#x0985-#x098C] | [#x098F-#x0990] | [#x0993-#x09A8] | [#x09AA-#x09B0] | #x09B2 | [#x09B6-#x09B9] | [#x09DC-#x09DD] | [#x09DF-#x09E1] | [#x09F0-#x09F1] | [#x0A05-#x0A0A] | [#x0A0F-#x0A10] | [#x0A13-#x0A28] | [#x0A2A-#x0A30] | [#x0A32-#x0A33] | [#x0A35-#x0A36] | [#x0A38-#x0A39] | [#x0A59-#x0A5C] | #x0A5E | [#x0A72-#x0A74] | [#x0A85-#x0A8B] | #x0A8D | [#x0A8F-#x0A91] | [#x0A93-#x0AA8] | [#x0AAA-#x0AB0] | [#x0AB2-#x0AB3] | [#x0AB5-#x0AB9] | #x0ABD | #x0AE0 | [#x0B05-#x0B0C] | [#x0B0F-#x0B10] | [#x0B13-#x0B28] | [#x0B2A-#x0B30] | [#x0B32-#x0B33] | [#x0B36-#x0B39] | #x0B3D | [#x0B5C-#x0B5D] | [#x0B5F-#x0B61] | [#x0B85-#x0B8A] | [#x0B8E-#x0B90] | [#x0B92-#x0B95] | [#x0B99-#x0B9A] | #x0B9C | [#x0B9E-#x0B9F] | [#x0BA3-#x0BA4] | [#x0BA8-#x0BAA] | [#x0BAE-#x0BB5] | [#x0BB7-#x0BB9] | [#x0C05-#x0C0C] | [#x0C0E-#x0C10] | [#x0C12-#x0C28] | [#x0C2A-#x0C33] | [#x0C35-#x0C39] | [#x0C60-#x0C61] | [#x0C85-#x0C8C] | [#x0C8E-#x0C90] | [#x0C92-#x0CA8] | [#x0CAA-#x0CB3] | [#x0CB5-#x0CB9] | #x0CDE | [#x0CE0-#x0CE1] | [#x0D05-#x0D0C] | [#x0D0E-#x0D10] | [#x0D12-#x0D28] | [#x0D2A-#x0D39] | [#x0D60-#x0D61] | [#x0E01-#x0E2E] | #x0E30 | [#x0E32-#x0E33] | [#x0E40-#x0E45] | [#x0E81-#x0E82] | #x0E84 | [#x0E87-#x0E88] | #x0E8A | #x0E8D | [#x0E94-#x0E97] | [#x0E99-#x0E9F] | [#x0EA1-#x0EA3] | #x0EA5 | #x0EA7 | [#x0EAA-#x0EAB] | [#x0EAD-#x0EAE] | #x0EB0 | [#x0EB2-#x0EB3] | #x0EBD | [#x0EC0-#x0EC4] | [#x0F40-#x0F47] | [#x0F49-#x0F69] | [#x10A0-#x10C5] | [#x10D0-#x10F6] | #x1100 | [#x1102-#x1103] | [#x1105-#x1107] | #x1109 | [#x110B-#x110C] | [#x110E-#x1112] | #x113C | #x113E | #x1140 | #x114C | #x114E | #x1150 | [#x1154-#x1155] | #x1159 | [#x115F-#x1161] | #x1163 | #x1165 | #x1167 | #x1169 | [#x116D-#x116E] | [#x1172-#x1173] | #x1175 | #x119E | #x11A8 | #x11AB | [#x11AE-#x11AF] | [#x11B7-#x11B8] | #x11BA | [#x11BC-#x11C2] | #x11EB | #x11F0 | #x11F9 | [#x1E00-#x1E9B] | [#x1EA0-#x1EF9] | [#x1F00-#x1F15] | [#x1F18-#x1F1D] | [#x1F20-#x1F45] | [#x1F48-#x1F4D] | [#x1F50-#x1F57] | #x1F59 | #x1F5B | #x1F5D | [#x1F5F-#x1F7D] | [#x1F80-#x1FB4] | [#x1FB6-#x1FBC] | #x1FBE | [#x1FC2-#x1FC4] | [#x1FC6-#x1FCC] | [#x1FD0-#x1FD3] | [#x1FD6-#x1FDB] | [#x1FE0-#x1FEC] | [#x1FF2-#x1FF4] | [#x1FF6-#x1FFC] | #x2126 | [#x212A-#x212B] | #x212E | [#x2180-#x2182] | [#x3041-#x3094] | [#x30A1-#x30FA] | [#x3105-#x312C] | [#xAC00-#xD7A3]
[86]    Ideographic    ::=    [#x4E00-#x9FA5] | #x3007 | [#x3021-#x3029]
[87]    CombiningChar    ::=    [#x0300-#x0345] | [#x0360-#x0361] | [#x0483-#x0486] | [#x0591-#x05A1] | [#x05A3-#x05B9] | [#x05BB-#x05BD] | #x05BF | [#x05C1-#x05C2] | #x05C4 | [#x064B-#x0652] | #x0670 | [#x06D6-#x06DC] | [#x06DD-#x06DF] | [#x06E0-#x06E4] | [#x06E7-#x06E8] | [#x06EA-#x06ED] | [#x0901-#x0903] | #x093C | [#x093E-#x094C] | #x094D | [#x0951-#x0954] | [#x0962-#x0963] | [#x0981-#x0983] | #x09BC | #x09BE | #x09BF | [#x09C0-#x09C4] | [#x09C7-#x09C8] | [#x09CB-#x09CD] | #x09D7 | [#x09E2-#x09E3] | #x0A02 | #x0A3C | #x0A3E | #x0A3F | [#x0A40-#x0A42] | [#x0A47-#x0A48] | [#x0A4B-#x0A4D] | [#x0A70-#x0A71] | [#x0A81-#x0A83] | #x0ABC | [#x0ABE-#x0AC5] | [#x0AC7-#x0AC9] | [#x0ACB-#x0ACD] | [#x0B01-#x0B03] | #x0B3C | [#x0B3E-#x0B43] | [#x0B47-#x0B48] | [#x0B4B-#x0B4D] | [#x0B56-#x0B57] | [#x0B82-#x0B83] | [#x0BBE-#x0BC2] | [#x0BC6-#x0BC8] | [#x0BCA-#x0BCD] | #x0BD7 | [#x0C01-#x0C03] | [#x0C3E-#x0C44] | [#x0C46-#x0C48] | [#x0C4A-#x0C4D] | [#x0C55-#x0C56] | [#x0C82-#x0C83] | [#x0CBE-#x0CC4] | [#x0CC6-#x0CC8] | [#x0CCA-#x0CCD] | [#x0CD5-#x0CD6] | [#x0D02-#x0D03] | [#x0D3E-#x0D43] | [#x0D46-#x0D48] | [#x0D4A-#x0D4D] | #x0D57 | #x0E31 | [#x0E34-#x0E3A] | [#x0E47-#x0E4E] | #x0EB1 | [#x0EB4-#x0EB9] | [#x0EBB-#x0EBC] | [#x0EC8-#x0ECD] | [#x0F18-#x0F19] | #x0F35 | #x0F37 | #x0F39 | #x0F3E | #x0F3F | [#x0F71-#x0F84] | [#x0F86-#x0F8B] | [#x0F90-#x0F95] | #x0F97 | [#x0F99-#x0FAD] | [#x0FB1-#x0FB7] | #x0FB9 | [#x20D0-#x20DC] | #x20E1 | [#x302A-#x302F] | #x3099 | #x309A
[88]    Digit    ::=    [#x0030-#x0039] | [#x0660-#x0669] | [#x06F0-#x06F9] | [#x0966-#x096F] | [#x09E6-#x09EF] | [#x0A66-#x0A6F] | [#x0AE6-#x0AEF] | [#x0B66-#x0B6F] | [#x0BE7-#x0BEF] | [#x0C66-#x0C6F] | [#x0CE6-#x0CEF] | [#x0D66-#x0D6F] | [#x0E50-#x0E59] | [#x0ED0-#x0ED9] | [#x0F20-#x0F29]
[89]    Extender    ::=    #x00B7 | #x02D0 | #x02D1 | #x0387 | #x0640 | #x0E46 | #x0EC6 | #x3005 | [#x3031-#x3035] | [#x309D-#x309E] | [#x30FC-#x30FE]

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<!ENTITY example "<p>An ampersand (&#38;#38;) may be escaped
numerically (&#38;#38;#38;) or with a general entity
(&amp;amp;).</p>" >

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<p>An ampersand (&#38;) may be escaped
numerically (&#38;#38;) or with a general entity
(&amp;amp;).</p>

¤å¥ó¤¤¹ï "&example;" ªº¤Þ¥Î·|¾É­P¹ï¤å¥»ªº­«·s¤ÀªR¡A¦¹®É¤¸¯À "p" ªº°_©l©Mµ²§ô¼Ðñ³QÃѧO¡A¤T­Ó¤Þ¥Î³QÃѧO©M®i¶}¡A¨äµ²ªG¬O¤@­Ó¥]§t¤U­±¤º®e¡]©Ò¦³¼ÆÕu¡AµL©w¬É²Å©Î¼Ð°O¡^"p" ¤¸¯À¡G

An ampersand (&) may be escaped
numerically (&#38;) or with a general entity
(&amp;).

¤@­Ó§óÎ`Âøªº¨Ò¤l¥i¥H§¹¾ã¦a»¡©ú³o¨Ç³W«h©M¥¦­Ìªº§@¥Î¡C¦b¤U­±ªº¨Ò¤l¤¤¡A¦æ¸¹¶È¶È¬O¬°¤F¤è«K»¡©ú¡C

1 <?xml version='1.0'?>
2 <!DOCTYPE test [
3 <!ELEMENT test (#PCDATA) >
4 <!ENTITY % xx '&#37;zz;'>
5 <!ENTITY % zz '&#60;!ENTITY tricky "error-prone" >' >
6 %xx;
7 ]>
8 <test>This sample shows a &tricky; method.</test>

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  • ¦b²Ä 8 ¦æ¡A¹ï´¶³q¹êÊ^ "tricky" ªº¤Þ¥Î³QÃѧO¡A¦}³Q®i¶}¡A¦]¦¹ "test" ¤¸¯Àªº¥þ³¡¤º®e¬°¤@­Ó¦Û»¡©úªº¡]¤]¤£¦X»yªk¡^¦r²Å¦êThis sample shows a error-prone method.¡C

E. ÚÌ©w«¬¤º®e¼Ò«¬(«D¥¿¦¡)

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F. ¦r²Å½s½Xªº¦Û°ÊÀË´ú(«D¥¿¦¡)

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  • Jon Bosak, Sun (Chair)
  • James Clark (Technical Lead)
  • Tim Bray, Textuality and Netscape (XML Co-editor)
  • Jean Paoli, Microsoft (XML Co-editor)
  • C. M. Sperberg-McQueen, U. of Ill. (XML Co-editor)
  • Dan Connolly, W3C (W3C Liaison)
  • Paula Angerstein, Texcel
  • Steve DeRose, INSO
  • Dave Hollander, HP
  • Eliot Kimber, ISOGEN
  • Eve Maler, ArborText
  • Tom Magliery, NCSA
  • Murray Maloney, SoftQuad, Grif SA, Muzmo and Veo Systems
  • MURATA Makoto (FAMILY Given), Fuji Xerox Information Systems
  • Joel Nava, Adobe
  • Conleth O'Connell, Vignette
  • Peter Sharpe, SoftQuad
  • John Tigue, DataChannel

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  • Paula Angerstein, Vignette
  • Daniel Austin, Ask Jeeves
  • Tim Boland
  • Allen Brown, Microsoft
  • Dan Connolly, W3C (Staff Contact)
  • John Cowan, Reuters Limited
  • John Evdemon, XMLSolutions Corporation
  • Paul Grosso, Arbortext (Co-Chair)
  • Arnaud Le Hors, IBM (Co-Chair)
  • Eve Maler, Sun Microsystems (Second Edition Editor)
  • Jonathan Marsh, Microsoft
  • MURATA Makoto (FAMILY Given), IBM
  • Mark Needleman, Data Research Associates
  • David Orchard, Jamcracker
  • Lew Shannon, NCR
  • Richard Tobin, University of Edinburgh
  • Daniel Veillard, W3C
  • Dan Vint, Lexica
  • Norman Walsh, Sun Microsystems
  • François Yergeau, Alis Technologies (Errata List Editor)
  • Kongyi Zhou, Oracle

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